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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">任务：划分用例优先级</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">在此任务中为用例划分优先级，这样可确定这些用例的开发顺序。在此任务中确定在体系结构上具有重要意义的用例，并对这些用户划分优先级。</td>
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<td>规程：<a href="./../../core.base_rup/disciplines/rup_requirements_discipline_8EEB5209.html" guid="_ydt60dnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">需求</a></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">用途</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_use_case__prioritizing" name="XE_use_case__prioritizing"></a><a id="XE_prioritizing__use_cases" name="XE_prioritizing__use_cases"></a> 
<p>
    此活动的目的是：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        定义要在当前迭代中分析的一组选定的场景和用例的输入。
    </li>
    <li>
        定义代表某个重要的核心功能的一组场景和用例。
    </li>
    <li>
        定义具有很大的体系结构覆盖范围（即运用了许多体系结构元素）或强调或说明了体系结构的某个特定的、微妙的点的一组场景和用例。
    </li>
</ul>&nbsp;</td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">角色</th><td width="42%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">主执行者:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/roles/rup_software_architect_DB0BF177.html" guid="{4AC346F0-E6FC-4D2C-8410-2EDF8DDDC91D}">软件设计人员</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">其他执行者:
								</span></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">输入</th><td width="42%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">必需:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_iteration_plan_623AFF7F.html" guid="{97269E0F-CDF3-448D-A732-DF39D099BDDD}">迭代计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_risk_list_B87674CA.html" guid="{32D7C484-2FAF-4442-8DA0-6D474B91A9DD}">风险列表</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_architecture_document_C367485C.html" guid="{6F49641A-ED10-47B5-9E5D-3F90A6BF3006}">软件体系结构文档</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_model_EF15E534.html" guid="{9C66F2EC-EDEB-4369-9AFB-04B9E7CBCB8E}">用例模型</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">可选:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirement_32CECE14.html" guid="{BB502500-EEEC-4BDE-8697-186666D6D5B3}">软件需求</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_vision_2D6D6F1.html" guid="{417F089F-6636-451A-A8AB-AB4EAC7AC4F1}">远景</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">输出</th><td colspan="2" class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_architecture_document_C367485C.html" guid="{6F49641A-ED10-47B5-9E5D-3F90A6BF3006}">软件体系结构文档</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirement_32CECE14.html" guid="{BB502500-EEEC-4BDE-8697-186666D6D5B3}">软件需求</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
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<tr valign="top">
<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">流程使用情况</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="2">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/requirements_4EE062EE.html" guid="{38A9C609-9A59-4D03-B835-AA84A716E626}">需求</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_the_scope_of_the_system_7E0B34E5.html" guid="{CA9197A9-051E-4845-A7FC-2A8750BD8C02}">管理系统范围</a>
									&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
								<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/prioritize_use_cases_7C4E2AA7.html" guid="_D03j8EohEdqrjq4i3fchvA">划分用例优先级</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<div class="sectionHeading">主要描述</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><p>
    一些用于确定用户优先级的因素可作为<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirement_32CECE14.html" guid="{BB502500-EEEC-4BDE-8697-186666D6D5B3}">软件需求</a>属性记录。所产生的用例优先级也可作为需求属性记录，这样就可以有效地管理它们。
</p></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">步骤</div>
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<div class="stepHeading">划分用例和场景的优先级</div>
<div class="stepContent">
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<td><a id="Prioritize Use Cases and Scenarios" name="Prioritize Use Cases and Scenarios"></a> 
<p>
    <b>软件设计人员</b>通过选择一定数量的场景和用例进行分析和设计来提议连续迭代的技术内容和顺序。根据人员可用性、客户关于可交付件的需求、工具和 COTS 产品的可用性以及其他项目的需要，这一技术建议要由各个开发团队来完成和优化。
</p>
<p>
    视为“在体系结构上有重要意义”（例如，组成体系结构的用例视图）的场景和用例的选择受一些关键驱动因素的驱动，总结如下。&nbsp;
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        场景对项目干系人的好处：关键、重要、有用。
    </li>
    <li>
        场景的体系结构影响：无、扩展、修改。可能有一些关键用例对体系结构没有或几乎没有影响，而好处不大的用例却有很大的影响。对体系结构有大影响的好处不大的用例应该由项目经理复审以便可以考虑删除。
    </li>
    <li>
        要减轻的风险（性能、产品的可用性以及组件的适合性）。
    </li>
    <li>
        体系结构的覆盖面的完整（确保在“精化”阶段结束时，要开发的软件的每一部分都在实施视图中有自己的位置）。
    </li>
    <li>
        其他战术性目标或约束：向用户进行演示等。
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    可能会有两个场景拥有相同的组件并面对类似的风险。如果先实施 A，那么 B 从体系结构的角度讲就不重要了。如果先实施 B，那么 A
    从体系结构的角度讲就不重要了。所以这些属性可能依赖于迭代顺序，并且应该在顺序发生变化时以及需求本身发生变化时进行重新评价。
</p>
<p>
    应当对体系结构上很重要的、很难理解或可能变化的用例划分优先级，以得到澄清和稳定。在有些情况下，这意味着应该在实施需求前先进行进一步的需求分析。在另外的情况下，某种形式的原型设计可能是最适合的。<br />
</p></td>
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<div class="stepHeading">记录用例视图</div>
<div class="stepContent">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="stepTable">
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<td><a id="Document Use Cases and Scenarios in the Use-Case View" name="Document Use Cases and Scenarios in the Use-Case View"></a> 
<p>
    在<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_architecture_document_C367485C.html" guid="{6F49641A-ED10-47B5-9E5D-3F90A6BF3006}">软件体系结构文档</a>的用例视图部分描述了用例视图。该部分包含了用例模型中每个包内的重要用例和场景的列表，以及一些重要属性，如事件流程的说明、关系、用例图和与每个用例相关的特殊需求。请注意，如果用例视图在迭代早期形成，那么有些属性可能尚未存在。
</p></td>
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<div class="stepHeading">评估结果</div>
<div class="stepContent">
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<td><a id="Evaluate Your Results" name="Evaluate Your Results"></a> 
<p>
    在这个阶段应该检查用例视图来验证工作是否在正确的轨道上，而不是详细复审用例视图。对于复审期间查找内容的特殊建议，请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/software_architecture_document_D261D8F3.html" guid="7.634303669338443E-306">核对表：软件体系结构文档</a>。<br />
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<div class="sectionHeading">更多信息</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">概念</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/concepts/use-case_view_11F15731.html" guid="6.820983346069146E-305">用例视图</a>
</li>
</ul>
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